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RESULT

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Best Practices for Focus Indicators

The Focus Indicator Checker on TechConverter.me automates the detection of focus indicator issues, provides specific CSS fixes for each problem, and helps you build keyboard-accessible interfaces that work for all users.

Examples

Example 1: Removed Focus Indicator (Most Common Issue)

The most common accessibility mistake — removing the browser's default focus ring without providing an alternative:

/* Problematic CSS — removes focus indicator entirely */
button:focus {
  outline: 2px solid #4a90e2;
}

a:focus {
  outline: 2px solid #4a90e2;
}

* {
  outline: 2px solid #4a90e2; /* Worst case — removes focus from ALL elements */
}

The checker flags these as WCAG 2.4.7 violations. Recommended fix:

/* Accessible custom focus indicator */
button:focus-visible {
  outline: 3px solid #005fcc;
  outline-offset: 2px;
}

a:focus-visible {
  outline: 3px solid #005fcc;
  outline-offset: 2px;
  border-radius: 2px;
}

/* Use :focus-visible to show focus only for keyboard navigation,
   not mouse clicks — best of both worlds */

Example 2: Insufficient Contrast (WCAG 2.2 Focus Appearance)

A focus indicator that exists but is too low-contrast to be perceivable:

/* Problematic — light gray outline on white background */
button:focus {
  outline: 2px solid #cccccc;
}

Contrast ratio: 1.6:1 (fails WCAG 2.2 minimum of 3:1)

Checker output:

Element: button.submit-btn
Issue: Focus indicator contrast ratio 1.6:1 (minimum required: 3:1)
Focused state color:   #cccccc
Background color:      #ffffff
Contrast ratio:        1.6:1
WCAG 2.2 SC 2.4.11:   FAIL

Fix: increase outline color contrast
Suggested: outline: 2px solid #005fcc; (contrast ratio: 8.6:1 ✓)

Example 3: Focus Indicator Size Requirements (WCAG 2.2)

WCAG 2.2 SC 2.4.11 requires focus indicators to have a minimum area:

/* Too thin — fails WCAG 2.2 */
button:focus {
  outline: 1px solid #005fcc;
}

/* Compliant — meets minimum area requirement */
button:focus-visible {
  outline: 3px solid #005fcc;
  outline-offset: 2px;
}

/* Also compliant — box-shadow approach */
button:focus-visible {
  outline: 2px solid #4a90e2;
  box-shadow: 0 0 0 3px #005fcc;
}

Frequently Asked Questions

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